This MedLibrary.org supplementary page on Diglyceride acyltransferase is provided directly from the open source Wikipedia as a service to our readers. Please see the note below on authorship of this content, as well as the Wikipedia usage guidelines. To search for other content from our encyclopedia supplement, please use the form below:
Related Sponsors
|
diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase homolog 1 (mouse)
|
|
| Identifiers | |
| Symbol | DGAT1 |
| Entrez | 8694 |
| HUGO | 2843 |
| OMIM | 604900 |
| RefSeq | NM_012079 |
| UniProt | O75907 |
| Other data | |
| EC number | 2.3.1.20 |
| Locus | Chr. 8 q24.3 |
|
diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase homolog 2 (mouse)
|
|
| Identifiers | |
| Symbol | DGAT2 |
| Entrez | 84649 |
| HUGO | 16940 |
| OMIM | 606983 |
| RefSeq | NM_032564 |
| UniProt | Q96PD7 |
| Other data | |
| Locus | Chr. 11 q13.3 |
Diglyceride acyltransferase (or O-acyltransferase), DGAT, catalyzes the formation of triglycerides from diacylglycerol and Acyl-CoA. There are two isoforms of DGAT encoded by the genes DGAT1 and DGAT2. Although both isoforms catalyze similar reactions, they have no sequence homology to each other. DGAT is considered the terminal and only committed step in triglyceride synthesis and to be essential for the formation of adipose tissue.1 A number of pharmaceutical companies currently have DGAT-1 inhibitors in clinical trials for the treatment of obesity.2
Mice with genetic disruption of the dgat1 or dgat2 genes have been made by the Farese laboratory at UCSF. Surprisingly, DGAT1-/- mice3 are healthy and fertile and have no changes in triglyceride levels. These mice are also lean and resistant to diet-induced obesity, consequently generating interest in DGAT1 inhibitors for the treatment of obesity. In contrast, DGAT2-/- mice4 have reduced triglyceride levels but are lipopenic, suffer from skin barrier abnormalities (including the inability to retain moisture), and die shortly after birth.
References
- ^ Cases S, Smith SJ, Zheng YW, Myers HM, Lear SR, Sande E, Novak S, Collins C, Welch CB, Lusis AJ, Erickson SK, Farese RV (1998). "Identification of a gene encoding an acyl CoA:diacylglycerol acyltransferase, a key enzyme in triacylglycerol synthesis". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 95 (22): 13018–23. PMID 9789033.
- ^ "Pfizer, Bristol finalize deal on metabolic drugs". Retrieved on 2007-08-27.
- ^ Smith SJ et al. Obesity resistance and multiple mechanisms of triglyceride synthesis in mice lacking Dgat. Nat Genet. 2000 May;25(1):87-90.
- ^ Stone SJ et al. Lipopenia and skin barrier abnormalities in DGAT2-deficient mice. J Biol Chem. 2004 Mar 19;279(12):11767-76.
Wikipedia content modification information:
- This page was last modified on 10 August 2008, at 05:39.
Wikipedia Authorship and Review
Wikipedia content provided here is not reviewed directly by MedLibrary.org. Wikipedia content is authored by an open community of volunteers and is not produced by or in any way affiliated with MedLibrary.org.
Wikipedia Usage Guidelines
This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article on "Diglyceride acyltransferase".
The URL for this specific entry is:
All Wikipedia text is available under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License. (See Copyrights for details). Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.