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| Exanthem Classification and external resources |
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| ICD-10 | A38., B05.-B09. |
|---|---|
| ICD-9 | 034, 055-057, 782.1 |
| DiseasesDB | 25831 |
| MeSH | D005076 |
An exanthem (from Greek "exanthema", a breaking out1) is a widespread rash usually occurring in children. Exanthems can be caused by toxins or drugs, microorganisms, or can result from autoimmune disease.
Historically, six "classical" infectious childhood exanthems have been recognized. They include measles (rubeola), roseola infantum ("sixth disease"), rubella (German measles), chickenpox, erythema infectiosum ("fifth disease"), and scarlet fever. Scarlet fever is the only rash on this list caused by a bacterium; the others are caused by viruses. Many common viruses such as rhinovirus (the common cold) can also produce an exanthem. Vaccinations now exist against measles, rubella, and chickenpox.2
Other exanthematic diseases exist that are not part of the classic list, either because they have only recently been discovered (e.g. unilateral laterothoracic exanthem of childhood) or because they have been found to represent not a single disease, but a general manifestations of various possible viral infections (once called Duke's disease); obviously there are other also other common paediatric infections that do not cause exanthems (e.g. mumps).
References
- ^ "Roseola Glossary of Terms with Definitions on MedicineNet.com".
- ^ Michael A. Pfaller; Murray, Patrick R.; Rosenthal, Ken S. (2005). Medical Microbiology (Medical Microbiology). Mosby Elsevier. p. 700. ISBN 0-323-03303-2.
External links
- Overview at About.com
- Definition at MedTerms
- Differential diagnosis
- Dermatology Quiz Includes photo, diagnosis, and treatment of unilateral laterothoracic exanthem (ULE).
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Wikipedia content modification information:
- This page was last modified on 14 December 2008, at 12:55.
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