Finno-Ugric peoples

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Pie chart showing the percentage rates of specific nations in the Finno-Ugric world

The term Finno-Ugric peoples is used to describe peoples speaking a Finno-Ugric language. The subgroups include Finnic peoples and Ugric peoples. They are a subgroup of Uralic peoples.

Contents

Location

The Uralic peoples.

The four largest Finno-Ugric peoples are Hungarians (14,800,000), Finns (6,000,000-7,000,000), Mordvins (1,200,000), and Estonians (1,100,000). Three of them (Hungarians, Finns, and Estonians) have their independent states - Hungary, Finland, and Estonia. The traditional area of the indigenous Sámi people is in Northern Fenno-Scandinavia and the Kola Peninsula in Northwest Russia and is known as Sápmi. Some other Finno-Ugric peoples have autonomous republics in Russia: Karelians (Republic of Karelia), Komi (Komi Republic), Udmurts (Udmurt Republic), Mari (Mari El Republic), and Mordvins (Moksha and Erzya; Republic of Mordovia). Khanty and Mansi peoples live in Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug of Russia, while Komi-Permyaks live in Komi-Permyak Okrug, which formerly was an autonomous okrug of Russia, but today is a territory with special status within Perm Krai.

Inter-Finno-Ugric Cultural Contacts

Finno-Ugric intercultural festivals, conferences, museums, and artistic, scholarly, and charity collaborations are present and active amongst many populations of speakers of Finno-Ugric or Uralic languages. In addition, artists and scholars from many Finno-Ugric peoples, such as Estonians, Finns, Udmurts, Mordvins (Erzya and Moksha), Maris, and others, are active in the Finno-Ugric peoples related Ethnofuturist art-based cultural and philosophical movement.

Population Genetics

Traditional theories1 posit that contemporary speakers of Finno-Ugric languages originated from a single ancient people. Such theories are connected to the outdated thinking about heredity being the same as linguistic relatedness2. Thus these theories are rarely accepted by the modern scientific community. In fact, it has not been shown that any contemporary group originated from one single ancient people, barring the earliest humans. Like perhaps all populations, individual groups of Finno-Ugric speakers have a diverse array of cultural, environmental, and genetic influences. However, modern genetic studies have shown that the Y-chromosome haplogroup N3, and sometimes N2, having branched from haplogroup N, which, itself, probably spread north, then west and east from Northern China about 12,000–14,000 years before present from father haplogroup NO (haplogroup O being the most common Y-chromosome haplogroup in Southeast Asia), is almost specific, though certainly not restricted, to Uralic or Finno-Ugric speaking populations, especially as high frequency or primary paternal haplogroup.34

However, a more probable assessment is that Finno-Ugric peoples would not originate from a single ancient people, but tribes related to each other, when people speaking Finno-Ugric languages lived in the Ural Mountains region56.

List of peoples

Finno-Ugric peoples are divided into two groups - Finnic and Ugric.

Finnic group:

Ugric group:

Gallery

Hungarians dressed in national costume in Serbia

Finnish artist, Akseli Gallen-Kallela

Ingrian Finnish oral poet, Larin Paraske

Karelian women in Sammatus

From left to right: Sven-Roald Nystø, Aili Keskitalo and Ole Henrik Magga, the second, third and first president of the Norwegian Sámi Parliament

Khanty women in Man uskve nomad camp, Berezovsky, Khanty-Mansia, Russia

Hungarian Prince Árpád is crossing the Carpathians

A Székely village in Romania

A Sami family around 1900

Sami woman

Erzya women

Komi people

Nenets child

Nenets inside a tent

References

  1. ^ http://books.google.com/books?id=7rmgP02a_mkC&pg=PR7&ots=BX_ZloC9mA&dq=proff+Hungarian&sig=tg85J7fSIQSnBEMkfYH1g_ujmHY
  2. ^ Where do Finns come from?
  3. ^ European Journal of Human Genetics - Abstract of article: A counter-clockwise northern route of the Y-chromosome haplogroup N from Southeast Asia towards Europe
  4. ^ http://www.journals.uchicago.edu/AJHG/journal/issues/v74n4/40783/40783.web.pdf?erFrom=-1818203271335085617Guest
  5. ^ Ancient Wisdom Cultures & People
  6. ^ http://www.hungarian-history.hu/lib/hunspir/hsp05.htm

Further reading

  • Mile Nedeljković, Leksikon naroda sveta, Beograd, 2001.

See also

External links

Wikipedia content modification information:

  • This page was last modified on 24 December 2008, at 13:03.

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