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Otolaryngology is the branch of medicine that specializes in the diagnosis and treatment of ear, nose, throat, and head and neck disorders. The full name of the specialty is otolaryngology-head and neck surgery. Practitioners are called otolaryngologists-head and neck surgeons, or sometimes otorhinolaryngologists (ORL). A commonly used term for this specialty is ENT (ear, nose and throat). The term comes from the Greek ωτολαρυγγολογία (oto = genitive for ear, laryngo = genitive for larynx/throat, logy = study), and it literally means the study of ear and neck. The full term ωτορρινολαρυγγολογία (otorhinolaryngology), also includes rhino, which is the genitive of nose.
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Explanation
Otolaryngologists are medical doctors (MD, MBBS, MBChB, etc.) or osteopathic doctors (DO) who complete at least five years of surgical residency training. This is composed of one year in general surgical training and four years in otolaryngology - head and neck surgery; in the past it varied between two and three years of each.
Following residency training some otolaryngologists elect to complete advanced subspeciality fellowship training which can range from as little as 2 weekend courses (Allergy)[1] or as long as 1-2 years in duration (pediatric otolaryngology)[2].citation needed
Subspecialties
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(*Currently recognized by American Board of Medical Subspecialties)
| Head and Neck | Facial plastics* | Otology | Neuro-otology* | Rhinology/Sinus | Laryngology | Pediatrics* | Sleep* |
| Surgical oncology | Facial cosmetics | Ear | Middle and inner ear | Sinusitis | Voice therapy | VeloPalatine-Insufficiency | |
| Reconstruction | Maxillofacial | Hearing | Temporal bone | Allergy | Phono-surgery | Cleft Lip and Palate | |
| Endocrine surgery | Trauma | Skull base | Anterior skull base | Airway | |||
| Dizziness | Apnea and snoring | Vascular Malformations | |||||
| Cochlear Implant/BAHA |
Topics in otolaryngology, head and neck surgery
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This section may require cleanup to meet Wikipedia's quality standards. Please improve this article if you can. (July 2008) |
Otology/neuro-otology
- Dizziness
- BPPV - Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo
- labyrinthitis/vestibular neuronitis
- Ménière's disease/Endolymphatic hydrops
- Perilymphatic fistula
- acoustic neuroma
- Hearing loss
- Mastoiditis
- Otitis externa - outer ear or ear canal inflammation
- Otitis media - middle ear inflammation
- Otitis interna - inner ear inflammation
- Perforated eardrum (hole in the eardrum due to infection, trauma, explosion or loud noise)
- ear surgery
Rhinology
Rhinology pertains to sinus diseases and the anterior skull base.
- Environmental Allergies
- Sinusitis - acute, chronic
- Rhinitis
- Empty nose syndrome
Pediatrics
- laryngomalacia
- Caustic Ingestion
- Obstructive Sleep Apnea - Pediatric
- Tonsillectomy
- Adenoidectomy
- Myringotomy and Tubes
Laryngology
- Dysphonia / Hoarseness
- Spasmodic Dysphonia
- Tracheostomy
- Cancer of the Larynx
- Vocology - science and practice of voice habilitation
Facial plastic and reconstructive surgery
- Rhinoplasty & Septoplasty
- Facelift (Rhytidectomy)
- Browlift
- Blepharoplasty
- Otoplasty
- Genioplasty
- Injectable Cosmetic Treatments
- Trauma to the Face
- Nasal Bone Fracture
- Mandible Fracture
- Orbital Fracture
- Frontal Sinus Fracture
- Complex Lacerations and Soft Tissue Damage
References
External links
- Specialist Library for ENT and Audiology High quality research and patient information on otolaryngology
- Otolaryngology — Head and Neck Surgery
- Otolaryngology
- Journal of Voice
- Logopedics Phoniatrics Vocology (the official scientific journal of the Nordic Cooperation Council of Logopedics and Phoniatrics and of The British Voice Association. It examines topics related to speech, language and voice science.)
- National Center for Voice and Speech's official website
- Information on Microtia/Reconstruction (via Childrens Hospital of Pittsburgh)
- Education of otolaryngology
Societies
- Association for Research in Otolaryngology
- American Academy of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery
- The American Academy of Otolaryngic Allergy
- Canadian Society of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery
- The American Laryngological, Rhinological and Otological Society
- British Association of Otorhinolaryngologists - Head & Neck Surgeons
- Association of Otolaryngology Administrators
- The Australian Society of Otolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery
- The Voice Foundation
- The TWJ Foundation
- American Head and Neck Society
Wikipedia content modification information:
- This page was last modified on 2 November 2008, at 21:53.
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