Rate of infusion

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In pharmacokinetics, the rate of infusion (or dosing rate) refers not just to the rate at which a drug is administered, but the desired rate at which a drug should be administered to achieve a steady state of a fixed dose which has been demonstrated to be therapeutically effective.

Abbreviations include Kin, 1 K0, 2 or R0.

It can be calculated as the steady-state concentration in the plasma * the clearance.

Sample values and equations

Variable Abbreviation(s) Example value Formula
Dose (loading dose, or steady state/maintenance) D (LD or MD) 1000 mg =Vd*C0
Volume of distribution Vd 25 L =D/C0
Concentration (initial or steady-state) C0 or Css 40.0 mg/L =D/Vd
Biological half-life T½ 14 hr =0.7/Ke
Elimination rate constant Ke 0.05/hr =0.7/(T½)
=Cl/Vd
Elimination rate,
or rate of infusion to balance elimination		 Kin 50 mg/hr =Css*Cl
Clearance Cl 1.25 L/hr =Vd*Ke
Bioavailability F 1 = \frac{[AUC]_{A}*dose_{B}}{[AUC]_{B}*dose_{A}}

Note that the "0.7" constant is a commonly used log approximation, but not the actual value. Another commonly used approximation is 0.693. -(ln(0.5)) = 0.69315.

References

  1. ^ "Cp vs time - iv infusion".
  2. ^ "Chapter 15.2 - Continuous IV Infusion - Steady State".
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