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| Stylommatophora Fossil range: Cretaceous–Recent |
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 A live specimen of Trichia hispida, a Stylommatophoran land snail in the family Hygromiidae
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Stylommatophora is an infraorder (also sometimes considered an order) of air-breathing land snails and slugs, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod molluscs. This infraorder includes the majority of land snails and slugs.
The two strong synapomorphies of Stylommatophora are a long pedal gland placed beneath a membrane and retractile tentacles (Lunarejo. et al, 2008).
Several families in this group contain species of snails and slugs that create love darts.
Stylommatophora are known from the Cretaceous to the Recent periods.1
Taxonomy
- Subinfraorder Orthurethra
- Superfamily Achatinelloidea Gulick, 1873
- Superfamily Cochlicopoidea Pilsbry, 1900
- Superfamily Partuloidea Pilsbry, 1900
- Superfamily Pupilloidea Turton, 1831
- Subinfraorder Sigmurethra
- Superfamily Acavoidea Pilsbry, 1895
- Superfamily Achatinoidea Swainson, 1840
- Superfamily Aillyoidea Baker, 1960
- Superfamily Arionoidea J.E. Gray in Turnton, 1840
- Superfamily Buliminoidea Clessin, 1879
- Superfamily Camaenoidea Pilsbry, 1895
- Superfamily Clausilioidea Mörch, 1864
- Superfamily Dyakioidea Gude & Woodward, 1921
- Superfamily Gastrodontoidea Tryon, 1866
- Superfamily Helicoidea Rafinesque, 1815
- Superfamily Helixarionoidea Bourguignat, 1877
- Superfamily Limacoidea Rafinesque, 1815
- Superfamily Oleacinoidea H. & A. Adams, 1855
- Superfamily Orthalicoidea Albers-Martens, 1860
- Superfamily Plectopylidoidea Moellendorf, 1900
- Superfamily Polygyroidea Pilsbry, 1894
- Superfamily Punctoidea Morse, 1864
- Superfamily Rhytidoidea Pilsbry, 1893
- Superfamily Sagdidoidera Pilsbry, 1895
- Superfamily Staffordioidea Thiele, 1931
- Superfamily Streptaxoidea J.E. Gray, 1806
- Superfamily Strophocheiloidea Thiele, 1926
- Superfamily Trigonochlamydoidea Hese, 1882
- Superfamily Zonitoidea Mörch, 1864
The above taxonomy has been revised in the new Taxonomy of the Gastropoda (Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005) based on evolutionary ancestry. It uses unranked clades for taxa above the rank of superfamily (replacing the ranks suborder, order, superorder and subclass) and the traditional Linnaean approach for all taxa below the rank of superfamily.
The clade Stylommatophora contains the subclades Elasmognatha, Orthurethra and the informal group Sigmurethra. The term "informal group" has been used to indicate whenever monophyly has not been tested, or where a traditional taxon of gastropods has now been discovered to be paraphyletic or polyphyletic,
Subclade Elasmognatha
- Superfamily Succineoidea
- Superfamily Athoracophoroidea
Subclade Orthurethra
- Superfamily Partuloidea
- Superfamily Achatinelloidea
- Superfamily Cochlicopoidea
- Superfamily Pupilloidea
- Superfamily Enoidea
Informal Group Sigmurethra
- Superfamily Clausilioidea
- Superfamily Orthalicoidea
- Superfamily Achatinoidea
- Superfamily Aillyoidea
- Superfamily Testacelloidea
- Superfamily Papillodermatoidea
- Superfamily Streptaxoidea
- Superfamily Rhytidoidea
- Superfamily Acavoidea
- Superfamily Punctoidea
- Superfamily Sagdoidea
"'Limacoid clade"'
- Superfamily Staffordioidea
- Superfamily Dyakioidea
- Superfamily Gastrodontoidea
- Superfamily Parmacelloidea
- Superfamily Zonitoidea
- Superfamily Helicarionoidea
- Superfamily Limacoidea
- Superfamily Arionoidea
- Superfamily Helicoidea
References
- ^ (in Czech) Pek I., Vašíček Z., Roček Z., Hajn. V. & Mikuláš R.: Základy zoopaleontologie. - Olomouc, 1996. 264 pp., ISBN 80-7067-599-3.
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