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| United States Department of Education |
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 Seal of the US Department of Education |
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| Agency overview | |
|---|---|
| Formed | October 17, 1979 |
| Preceding Agency | United States Department of Health, Education, and Welfare |
| Jurisdiction | Federal government of the United States |
| Employees | 5,000 (2007) |
| Annual Budget | Discretionary: $56.0 billion (2006) Mandatory: $13.4 billion (2006) |
| Agency Executives | Margaret Spellings, Secretary Raymond Simon, Deputy Secretary |
| Child Agency | Click here |
| Website | |
| www.ed.gov | |
The United States Department of Education (also referred to as ED, for Education Department) is a Cabinet-level department of the United States government. Created by the Department of Education Organization Act (Public Law 96-88), it was signed into law by President Jimmy Carter on October 17, 1979 and began operating on May 4, 1980.
The Department of Education Organization Act divided the Department of Health, Education, and Welfare into the Department of Education and the Department of Health and Human Services. The Department of Education is administered by the United States Secretary of Education.
It is by far the smallest cabinet-level department, with about 5,000 employees. The agency's official acronym is ED (and not DOE, which refers to the United States Department of Energy.)
Contents |
Establishment
Department of Education is to formulate federal funding programs involving education and to enforce federal educational laws regarding privacy and civil rights.
On March 23, 2007, at 11:51. AM President George W. Bush signed into law H.R. 584, which designates the ED Headquarters building as the Lyndon Baines Johnson Department of Education Building.[2]
Organization
- Office of Communications and Outreach (OCO)
- Office of the General Counsel (OGC)
- Office of Inspector General
- Office of Legislation and Congressional Affairs (OLCA)
- Office for Civil Rights (OCR)
- Institute of Education Sciences (IES)
- Office of Innovation and Improvement (OII)
- Office of the Chief Financial Officer
- Office of Management
- Office of the Chief Information Officer
- Office of Planning, Evaluation and Policy Development
- Risk Management Service
- Office of Postsecondary Education (OPE)
- Office of Vocational and Adult Education (OVAE)
- Office of Federal Student Aid (FSA)
- President's Advisory Board on Tribal Colleges and Universities (WHITCU)
- President's Advisory Board on Historically Black Colleges and Universities (WHIHBCU)
- Office of Elementary and Secondary Education (OESE)
- Office of English Language Acquisition, Language Enhancement and Academic Achievement for Limited English Proficient Students (OELA)
- Office of Special Education and Rehabilitative Services (OSERS)
- Office of Safe and Drug Free Schools (OSDFS)
- Office of Innovation and Improvement
- Associated federal organizations
- Advisory Councils and Committees
- National Assessment Governing Board (NAGB)[3]
- National Institute for Literacy (NIFL)[4]
- Federal Interagency Committee on Education (FICE)
- Federally aided organizations
Opposition
President Ronald Reagan promised during the 1980 presidential election to eliminate the Department of Education as a cabinet post,1 but he was not able to do so with a Democratic House of Representatives. In the 1982 State of the Union Address, he pledged, "The budget plan I submit to you on Feb. 8 will realize major savings by dismantling the Department of Education."2 Throughout the 1980s, the abolition of the Department of Education was a part of the Republican Party platform, but the administration of President George H. W. Bush declined to implement this idea.
In 1996, the Republican Party made abolition of the Department a cornerstone of their campaign promises, calling it an inappropriate federal intrusion into local, state, and family affairs.2 The GOP platform read: "The Federal government has no constitutional authority to be involved in school curricula or to control jobs in the market place. This is why we will abolish the Department of Education, end federal meddling in our schools, and promote family choice at all levels of learning."23 During his 1996 presidential run, Senator Bob Dole promised, "We're going to cut out the Department of Education."3
In 2000, the Republican Liberty Caucus passed a resolution to abolish the Department of Education.4
2008 presidential candidate Ron Paul has campaigned in part on an opposition to the Department.5
No Child Left Behind
Under President George W. Bush, the Department has primarily focused on elementary and secondary education, expanding its reach through the "No Child Left Behind" law. The Department's budget increased 69.6% between 2002 and 2004.2
FICE Code
As with other federal agencies, the ED operates with the assistance of several advisory committees. The Federal Interagency Committee on Education (FICE) is known in higher education for originating the FICE code.
The FICE code is a six-digit identification code that was used to identify all schools doing business with the Office of Education during the early sixties. This code is no longer used in IPEDS; it has been replaced by the Office of Postsecondary Education (OPE) ID code.6
Budget
For 2006, the ED discretionary budget was US$56 billion and the mandatory budget contained $23.4 billion.
See also
- Educational attainment in the United States
- Education in the United States
- Department of Education
- Secretary of Education
- Office of Federal Student Aid
- Free Application for Federal Student Aid
- Council for Higher Education Accreditation
References
- ^ "Online Backgrounders: The Department of Education". PBS (Fall 1996). Retrieved on 2005-07-26.
- ^ a b c d "Elimination Lost: What happened to abolishing the Department of Education?". Cato Institute (2004-02-11). Retrieved on 2005-07-26.
- ^ a b "Department of Education must be abolished". World Net Daily (2004-12-07). Retrieved on 2005-07-26.
- ^ "Education" (2007). Retrieved on 2007-09-14.
- ^ Stossel, John (2007-12-10). "Ron Paul Unplugged". ABC News. Retrieved on 2008-01-30.
- ^ "IPEDS Glossary". Retrieved on 2007-04-07.
External links
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to: United States Department of Education |
- United States Department of Education Official Website
- How is the Department of Education Organized
- ERIC Digests - Informational digests on educational topics produced by the U.S. Department of Education before 1983.
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Wikipedia content modification information:
- This page was last modified on 3 December 2008, at 02:06.
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