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| United States Secretary of Defense | |
 Official Seal |
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 Incumbent: Robert Gates since: December 18, 2006 |
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| First | James Forrestal |
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| Formation | September 17, 1947 |
| Presidential succession |
Sixth |
| Website | www.defenselink.mil |
The United States Secretary of Defense (SECDEF) is the head of the U.S. Department of Defense (DoD), concerned with the armed services and military matters. This position roughly corresponds to Minister of defense in other countries. The role of the Secretary of Defense is to be the principal defense policy advisor to the President and is responsible for the formulation of general defense policy related to all matters of direct and primary concern to the DoD, and for the execution of approved policy.1 The Secretary is appointed by the President with the approval of the Senate, and is a member of the Cabinet. By statute () the secretary must be a civilian who has not served in the active component of the armed forces for at least 10 years.2. The Secretary of Defense is sixth in the presidential line of succession.
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History
The position was created in 1947 when the Navy, Army, and newly created Air Force were merged into the new National Military Establishment. In the same massive reorganization, the Secretary of War was replaced by the Secretary of the Army and, along with the Secretary of the Navy and the new Secretary of the Air Force, became non-Cabinet positions placed under the Secretary of Defense. In 1949, the National Military Establishment was renamed the Department of Defense, which remains the current name of the department.
Organization
In the U.S. Armed Forces, the Secretary of Defense is often referred to as "SecDef".
The Secretary of Defense and the President together constitute the National Command Authority (NCA), which has sole authority to launch strategic nuclear weapons. All nuclear weapons are governed by this dual-authority - both must concur before a strategic nuclear strike may be ordered.
The Secretary of Defense heads the United States Office of the Secretary of Defense and is assisted by a Deputy Secretary and five Under Secretaries in the fields of Acquisition, Technology & Logistics; Comptroller/Chief Financial Officer; Intelligence; Personnel & Readiness; and Policy. All of these positions require Senate confirmation.
The Secretary of Defense also supervises the six members of the Joint Chiefs of Staff and the commanders of the ten Unified Combatant Commands.
Along with the Secretary of State, the Attorney General and the Secretary of the Treasury, the Secretary of Defense is generally regarded as one of the "Big Four" important cabinet officials.
List of Secretaries of Defense
Line of succession
In an Executive Order of December 22, 2005, President George W. Bush modified the line of succession regarding who would act as Secretary of Defense in the event of a vacancy or incapacitation as follows:
- Deputy Secretary of Defense
- Under Secretary of Defense for Intelligence
- Under Secretary of Defense for Policy
- Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition, Technology and Logistics
- Secretary of the Army
- Secretary of the Air Force
- Secretary of the Navy
- Under Secretary of Defense for Personnel and Readiness and the Under Secretary of Defense (Comptroller)
- Deputy Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition and Technology, Deputy Under Secretary of Defense for Policy, and Deputy
Footnotes
- ^ http://www.dod.mil/odam/omp/pubs/GuideBook/DoD.htm#Secretary%20of%20Defense
- ^ George Marshall was legislatively waived by Congress; he had only been a civilian for five years before his appointment in 1950. See Defenselink bio, retrieved 11/15/2008.
References
- "Histories of the Secretaries of Defense". U.S. Department of Defense. Retrieved on September 3, 2002.
- "Executive Order: Providing An Order of Succession Within the Department of Defense". Office of the Press Secretary. Retrieved on December 22, 2005.
- "The Department of Defense Organizational Structure". U.S. Department of Defense. Retrieved on November 13, 2006.
External links
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to: United States Secretary of Defense |
- "Top Civilian and Military Leaders". Retrieved on October 13, 2007. – Includes the Secretary of Defense
- More information on each position and biographies of the current Deputy Secretary (DepSecDef) and Under Secretaries (USDs)
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Wikipedia content modification information:
- This page was last modified on 3 December 2008, at 05:59.
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