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Yang di-Pertua Negeri, literally the "head of state" in Malay, is the official title of the (largely symbolic) State Governors of the Malaysian states of Penang, Malacca, Sabah and Sarawak, who are appointed by the Yang di-Pertuan Agong or King of Malaysia.
Before 1976, the heads of state of Penang, Malacca and Sarawak were titled Governor in English and Yang di-Pertua Negeri in Malay, whereas the head of state of Sabah was titled Yang di-Pertua Negara in both languages. Singapore had a Yang di-Pertuan Negara when it gained self-government under British sovereignty in 1959. The title was used by the state governor while Singapore was a part of Malaysia until 1965, when it left Malaysia to become an independent republic. Since 1976 the heads of state of Penang, Malacca, Sabah and Sarawak have been titled Yang di-Pertua Negeri in both languages.
In present day usage negeri and negara mean "state (sub-national)" and "state (country)" respectively, though the word negeri was formerly used indiscriminately. The distinction between Yang di-Pertua and Yang di-Pertuan is finer, but present usage is somewhat like the English words "head" and "ruler".
In Malay Languages, the Yang di-Pertua Negeri is like a penguasa or the ruler.
Contents |
List of Yang di-Pertua Negeri
Malacca
| Name | Took Office | Left Office |
|---|---|---|
| Tun Leong Yew Koh | 1957 | 1963 |
| Tun Haji Abdul Malek bin Yusuf | 1963 | 1971 |
| Tun Haji Abdul Aziz bin Abdul Majid | 1971 | 1975 |
| Tun Syed Zahiruddin bin Syed Hassan | 1975 | 1984 |
| Tun Datuk Seri Utama Syed Ahmad Al-Haj bin Syed Mahmud Shahabudin | 1984 | 2004 |
| Tun Datuk Seri Utama Mohd Khalil bin Yaakob | 2004 | Incumbent |
Penang
| Name | Took Office | Left Office |
|---|---|---|
| Raja Tun Uda Al-Haj Bin Raja Muhammad | 1957 | 1967 |
| Tun Tan Sri Syed Sheh bin Syed Abdullah Shahabudin | 1967 | 1969 |
| Tun Tan Sri Syed Sheh Al-Haj bin Syed Hassan Barakbah | 1969 | 1975 |
| Tun Tan Sri Dato' Seri Dato' Haji Sardon bin Haji Jubir | 1975 | 1981 |
| Tun Datuk Dr. Haji Awang bin Hassan | 1981 | 1989 |
| Tun Tan Sri Datuk Dr. Haji Hamdan bin Sheikh Tahir | 1989 | 2001 |
| Tun Dato' Seri Haji Abdul Rahman bin Haji Abbas | 2001 | Incumbent |
Sabah
| Name | Took Office | Left Office |
|---|---|---|
| Tun Datu Mustapha bin Datu Harun | 1963 | 1965 |
| Tun Pengiran Haji Ahmad Raffae Pengiran Othman | 1965 | 1973 |
| Tun Muhammad Fuad Stephens | 1973 | 1975 |
| Tun Muhammad Hamdan Abdullah | 1975 | 1978 |
| Tun Ahmad Koroh | 1978 | 1979 |
| Tun Datuk Mohamad Adnan Robert | 1979 | 1987 |
| Tun Mohd Said bin Keruak | 1987 | 1994 |
| Tun Sakaran bin Dandai | 1994 | 2003 |
| Tun Ahmadshah bin Abdullah | 2003 | Incumbent |
Sarawak
| Name | Took Office | Left Office |
|---|---|---|
| Tun Abang Haji Openg | 1963 | 1969 |
| Tun Tuanku Bujang Tuanku Othman | 1969 | 1977 |
| Tun Abang Muhammad Salahuddin | 1977 | 1981 |
| Tun Abdul Rahman Ya'kub | 1981 | 1985 |
| Tun Ahmad Zaidi Adruce | 1985 | 2000 |
| Tun Abang Muhammad Salahuddin | 2001 | Incumbent |
See also
- Yang di-Pertuan Agong
- Yang di-Pertuan Besar
- Yang di-Pertuan Negara
- Yang di-Pertua Negeri Sarawak
- Malay titles
Wikipedia content modification information:
- This page was last modified on 1 December 2008, at 01:29.
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